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Americans seem to like psychotherapy. Whether it’s for the mundane conflicts of everyday life or life-threatening illnesses like major depression, psychotherapy is widely viewed as a healthy, if not harmless, pursuit.
Yet unlike most other medical treatments, psychotherapy can take considerable time. An infection can be cured in days, but remission of severe depression or anxiety disorder usually takes weeks or months, and a personality disorder typically requires years of intensive psychotherapy.
So if the outcome may be months or years away, how can a person tell whether his psychotherapy is any good?
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Women who force themselves to stay quiet during marital arguments appear to have a higher risk of death, a new study shows. Depression and irritable bowel syndrome are also more common in these women.
Such "self-silencing" during conflict may have provided an evolutionary survival advantage long ago, and unfortunately may be a necessity for women in abusive relationships, Dr. Elaine D. Eaker of Eaker Epidemiology Enterprises in Gaithersburg, Maryland, the study's lead author, told Reuters Health.
Eaker and her colleagues found that, over a 10-year period, the most striking finding was that women who self-silenced were four times more likely to die than women who expressed themselves freely during marital arguments.
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At least one major symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
was reported by about 20 percent of 1,114 women in the U.S. Air Force
deployed during the Iraq War, says a University of Michigan study that
found a link between PTSD and work-family conflict.
The women in the survey (74.2 percent enlisted, 25.8 percent
officers) were deployed at least once since March 19, 2003. About 62
percent of them were deployed in a theater of war.
The study authors found that women who experienced higher levels of
family-work conflict were more likely to have symptoms of anxiety and
depression. They were also less likely to feel they could cope with
daily demands and responsibilities.
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As the mother of a newborn baby girl, Dr. Anya C. Hurlbert wondered
why all the products aimed at her daughter tended to have a pinkish
tint.
As a professor of visual neuroscience at Newcastle University in
England, Hurlbert was able to create a scientifically sound study to
determine whether girls really do prefer pink. The answer, as outlined
in a report in the Aug. 21 issue of the journal Current Biology,, is "yes." Females do have a preference for pinkish colors that males don't.
"We find very clear differences between the males and females we
have tested," Hurlbert said. "We haven't yet found any exceptions."
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What motivates some teens to gun down fellow students in the hallways or grounds of their schools?
Perhaps a characteristic called "cynical shyness." This is an
extreme form of shyness affecting mostly males that can lead to violent
behavior such as that seen at Columbine, Colo., or, most recently,
Virginia Tech, according to researchers who were to present their
findings Saturday evening at the American Psychological Association's
annual meeting, in San Francisco.
"Cynically shy people are shy people who are motivated toward moving
to others, and then they are rejected," said Bernardo Carducci, lead
author of the study and director of the Shyness Research Institute at
Indiana University Southeast in New Albany.
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